Yixing clay is originated from the region near the city of Yixing in Jiangsu province, China. Zisha is one of the several distinct types of Yixing clay used to make stoneware. The stoneware has a purple-red-brown color. The finished stoneware, which is used for teawares and other small items, are usually red or brown in color. Zisha is a mixture of kaolin, quartz and mica, with a high content of iron oxide. It is mined principally at Huanglongshan and Zhaozhuangshan and has a somewhat sandy texture. The process of preparing the clay is lengthy and was traditionally regarded as a trade secret. Typical firing temperature is between 1100C - 1200C in an oxidizing atmosphere. Craftsmanship dates back to the Song Dynasty (960 - 1279) when Yixing clay was first mined around Lake Taihu in China. From the 17th century on, the Yixing wares were commonly exported to Europe. They are known as Zisha ware, and are typically unglazed. The clays used for the Yixing wares are very cohesive and can be formed coil forming, slab forming or most commonly slip casting. The clays can also be formed by throwing. The most famous wares made with Yixing clay are Yixing clay teapots. Yixing teawares are pricy because of the lengthy process of preparing the clay and their unglazed surfaces absorb traces of the beverage, creating a more complex flavor. It’s recommended that Yixing teawares should never be washed using detergents, but rather with water only.
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